Vietnam is not only one of the world’s largest coffee exporters, but also a huge market with coffee products such as roasted coffee, instant coffee, filter coffee, machine coffee, and giant coffee chains, as well as large and small coffee shops across the country. We drink a lot of coffee, but it is unlikely that we really understand coffee bean. In fact, the world of coffee is very large, there are many different types of coffee beans. If you want to dive deeper into the world of coffee, become a coffee-related profession, or want to become a coffee drinker, or simply find the right coffee for you, you need to know about coffee beans.
In Vietnam, coffee is cultivated on a small area, export output and domestic consumption are also huge. But in general, there are 4 main types of fresh coffee bean, each with a different coffee type, different characteristics not only biologically but also in terms of taste and aroma.
1. Robusta coffee beans
Robusta coffee beans (commonly known as Voi coffee) are the most popular coffee in the world, not only in Vietnam, this type of coffee accounts for 1/3 of coffee production worldwide. In Vietnam, Robusta coffee is especially suitable for the climate and soil of the Central Highlands because this coffee is suitable for rich basaltic red soil, 800-1000m above sea level, so it becomes a type of coffee, has the largest production in the country, accounting for 90% of the output.
Robusta Coffee Beans
Robusta coffee has a mild aroma, bitter taste, not sour, high caffeine content, coffee water when brewed has a brown color. But the most characteristic of this type of coffee is the bitter taste, because the preliminary processing of this bean does not require fermentation but uses a direct drying method, retaining a richer and more intense bitter taste than other types of coffee bean. Because of this, this coffee is less popular in the European market because it is too bitter and passionate.
In general, Robusta is a high-yield, easy-to-cultivate coffee, and purchase by many coffee businesses, so Robusta gradually become a popular coffee, serving the coffee needs of the majority enjoyment person.
2. Arabica coffee beans
Arabica coffee beans (commonly known as tea coffee), are one of the two most popular types of coffee in the world, but Arabica is a coffee variety that is considered to be better and rarer. It is not easy to grow this type of coffee, the land where Arabica coffee is grown must ensure factors such as: about 1,500m high, a cool temperate climate all year round, the maximum temperature of the year does not exceed 33oC, The minimum temperature in the year is 5oC. Because of this difficulty, Arabica coffee is only available relatively rarely in Vietnam, not on a mass scale like Robusta.
Arabica Coffee Beans
But Arabica coffee is extremely valuable, it is the main type of coffee of most coffee companies, famous coffee brands in the world and is a coffee only for those who know coffee, enjoy coffee in a stylish way. Coffee culture of European and American countries especially likes this type of coffee.
The preliminary processing of Arabica coffee needs to undergo fermentation by soaking in water to bloom, then washing and drying. Because of that fermentation process, it has a very characteristic sour taste, mixed with bitterness, the coffee water when brewed will be light brown and clear like amber. In particular, Arabica coffee grows in different geographical regions has some unique flavors, the higher the geographical area grown and harvested, the better the coffee taste.
3. Culi coffee beans
Exactly, the Culi coffee beans are not a coffee variety like the classification above, this is just the name to classify the fresh coffee bean characteristic of both Arabica and Robusta varieties.
Culi Coffee Beans
Culi coffee beans mutate in countless normal coffee beans. Among the countless Robusta coffee beans, Arabica coffee with 2 beans in one fruit will appear mutated coffee beans; with only a single bean with a very low mutation rate, only about 5%. These coffee berries will separate during the separate harvesting and handling process. Because these mutant coffee beans contain exceptionally high amounts of caffeine; they will offer different flavors and aromas, often more bitter, fatter, richer, and long-lasting bitterness.
For example, Culi Robusta coffee bean will have a stronger bitter taste than regular Robusta coffee; the coffee water when brewed will have a wavy brown color with a light aroma. As for Culi Arabica coffee, it has a unique sour taste and intense aroma; that is clearer than regular Arabica coffee. However, Culi coffee is a mutant form of common coffee varieties; so the output is very low, the value is also very high.
4. Cherry coffee beans
Cherry coffee beans, also known as jackfruit coffee, are a special coffee variety that is extremely productive; takes very little care, has strong resistance to pests and diseases; is extremely drought tolerant, even without watering may still have the finished product. Despite such outstanding advantages, cherry coffee is not popular because its characteristic flavor is sour, less bitter than coffee.
Cherry Coffee Beans
In fact, Cherry coffee grown very limited due to low demand; often Cherry coffee beans mixed with Robusta, Arabica to increase aroma; increase sourness and reduce bitterness depending on the needs of the drinker.
In addition, Cherry coffee also used as a grafting source to pair with Robusta coffee; both taking advantage of the pest resistance, drought tolerance; yield of this coffee variety and keeping the typical delicious taste of coffee Robusta coffee.
CONCLUSION
Coffee is not just a beverage that brings a lot of value to people’s health, through a long historical journey in our country, coffee has gradually become a culture, a philosophy attached to Vietnam life of many classes people.
So learning about coffee is a long journey and need a lot of enthusiasm, hope that through this article, PRINCE COFFEE has helped you – those who love and care about coffee – have a comprehensive view, learn more about the unique and delicious coffee beans in Vietnam.
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